Efetividade de um programa multiprofissional de tratamento da obesidade durante a pandemia de COVID-19: Aplicação do Monitoramento Remoto da Enfermagem

Objetivo: Verificar a efetividade do monitoramento remoto da enfermagem associada a um programa multi-profissional de tratamento de obesidade na melhora dos biomarcadores cardiometabólicos e indicadores da aptidão física relacionada à saúde de adultos com obesidade acompanhados durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo caracterizado como um Ensaio Clínico Pragmático, realizado em um município do Sul do Brasil, com 22 mulheres, com idade entre 18 e 50 anos, portadores de telefone celular com acesso ao aplicativo WhatsApp® durante 16 semanas. Foram realizadas avaliações pré e pós intervenção por meio de exames labo-ratoriais, capazes de determinar os biomarcadores cardiometabólicos: HDL, triglicerídeos, LDL, colesterol total, glicemia, hemoglobina glicada, insulina, Homa-IR, Homa-β, PCR-us; e de testes capazes de avaliar os níveis da aptidão física relacionada à saúde: composição corporal, aptidão cardiorrespiratória, força muscular e flexibili-dade. Os dados obtidos foram analisados através do teste t para amostras pareadas e correlacionados a partir do valor de delta absoluto de cada variável por meio da correlação de Pearson. Os resultados foram considerados significantes quando o valor de p foi < 0,05. Este estudo possui parecer favorável do Comitê Nacional de Ética em Pesquisas. Resultados: Foram observadas melhoras significativas nos níveis de glicemia, insulina, Homa-IR e HDL, bem como nos indicadores de aptidão cardiorrespiratória e força muscular. Conclusão: O monitoramento remoto da enfermagem associado a um programa multiprofissional de tratamento de obesidade é uma inter-venção efetiva na melhoria dos biomarcadores cardiometabólicos e dos indicadores da AFRS.

Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad del monitoreo remoto de enfermería, en asociación con un programa multiprofesional de tratamiento de la obesidad, para mejorar los biomarcadores cardiometabólicos y los indicadores de aptitud física relacionados con la salud en adultos obesos durante la pandemia de COVID-19.Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un Ensayo Clínico Pragmático en un municipio del sur de Brasil, con la participación de 22 mujeres de edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 50 años, que contaban con teléfonos móviles con acceso a la aplicación WhatsApp® durante un período de 16 semanas. Se realizaron evaluaciones pre y postintervención mediante exámenes de laboratorio, que permitieron determinar los biomarcadores cardiometabólicos: HDL, triglicéridos, LDL, colesterol total, glucemia, hemoglobina glucosilada, insulinemia, Homa-IR, Homa-β, hs-CRP; y pruebas para evaluar los niveles de aptitud física relacionados con la salud: composición corporal, aptitud cardiorrespiratoria, fuerza muscular y flexibilidad. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron utilizando la prueba t para muestras pareadas y se correlacionaron mediante la correlación de Pearson, a partir del valor delta absoluto de cada variable. Se consideraron resultados significativos cuando el valor de p fue < 0,05. Este estudio recibió la aprobación del Comité Nacional de Ética en Investigación.Resultados: Se observaron mejoras significativas en los niveles de glucosa en sangre, insulina, Homa-IR y HDL, así como en los indicadores de aptitud cardiorrespiratoria y fuerza muscular.Conclusión: El monitoreo remoto de enfermería, en asociación con un programa multidisciplinario de tratamiento de la obesidad, resulta en una intervención eficaz para mejorar los biomarcadores cardiometabólicos y los indicadores de aptitud física relacionados con la salud.

Objective: To verify the effectiveness of remote nursing monitoring associated with a multi-professional obesity treatment program to improve cardiometabolic biomarkers and health-related physical fitness indicators in obese adults followed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The study was characterized as a Pragmatic Clinical Trial, carried out in a municipality in the south of Brazil. It involved 22 women aged between 18 and 50 years, who had cell phones with access to the WhatsApp® application for 16 weeks. Pre- and post-intervention evaluations were carried out through laboratory tests capable of determining cardiometabolic biomarkers: HDL, triglycerides, LDL, total cholesterol, glycemia, glycated hemoglobin, insulinemia, Homa-IR, Homa-β, hs-CRP. As well as tests capable of assessing the levels of physical fitness related to health: body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength and flexibility. The data obtained were analyzed using the t-test for paired samples and correlated from the absolute delta value of each variable using Pearson's correlation. Results were considered significant when the p value was <0.05. This study received a favorable opinion from the National Research Ethics Committee. Results: The study observed significant improvements in blood glucose, insulin, Homa-IR and HDL levels, as well as in indicators of cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength. Conclusion: Remote nursing monitoring associated with a multidisciplinary obesity treatment program is an effective intervention for improving cardiometabolic biomarkers and AFRS indicators.

Efeitos de um programa multiprofissional de tratamento da obesidade com treinamento aquático sobre parâmetros bioquímicos, composição corporal e aptidão física em adultos

Diante ao preocupante cenário mundial sobre a obesidade e a importância de intervenções multiprofissionais para mudança no estilo de vida da população com obesidade. O Objetivo foi analisar os efeitos de um programa multiprofissional para tratamento da obesidade com treinamento aquático, nos parâmetros bioquímicos, composição corporal e da aptidão física de adultos obesidade severa. O estudo foi conduzido por equipe multiprofissional com profissionais de Educação Física, Nutrição, Psicologia e Medicina, durante 24 semanas, com 16 indivíduos classificados com obesidade severa (IMC > 40 kg/m2). As Intervenções do programa proposto no estudo foram realizadas através treinamento aquático de exercícios aeróbicos associados com a orientação nutricional e psicológica. Foi analisada diminuição significativa no índice de Proteína C Reativa (mg/L) (p=0,0439); no percentual de gordura (%), ao final das 24 semanas do programa de tratamento (p=0,0136), também houve aumento significativo na força de pressão manual (kg) com 16 semanas (p=0,0006) e 24 semanas (p=0,0014). Este estudo apresentou resultados significativos na melhora dos parâmetros bioquímicos, composição corporal e da aptidão física em adultos com obesidade severa, justificando o quanto programas de tratamentos que visam a mudanças nos hábitos alimentares e estilo de vida são de grande importância para a saúde pública.

Ante el preocupante panorama mundial de la obesidad y la importancia de intervenciones multiprofesionales para el cambio en el estilo de vida de la población con obesidad, este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar los efectos de un programa multiprofesional para el tratamiento de la obesidad mediante entrenamiento acuático en parámetros bioquímicos, composición corporal y aptitud física en adultos con obesidad severa. El estudio fue llevado a cabo por un equipo multiprofesional compuesto por profesionales de Educación Física, Nutrición, Psicología y Medicina, durante un período de 24 semanas. Participaron 16 individuos clasificados con obesidad severa (IMC > 40 kg/m2). Las intervenciones del programa propuesto en el estudio incluyeron ejercicios aeróbicos acuáticos junto con orientación nutricional y psicológica. Se evidenció una disminución significativa en el índice de Proteína C Reactiva (mg/L) (p=0.0439); en el porcentaje de grasa (%), al final de las 24 semanas del programa de tratamiento (p=0,0136), también se evidencio un aumento estadísticamente significativo de la fuerza de presión manual (kg) con 16 semanas (p=0,0006) e 24 semanas (p=0,0014). Este estudio presentó resultados significativos en la mejora de los parámetros bioquímicos, composición corporal y aptitud física en adultos con obesidad severa, lo que justifica la importancia de los programas de tratamiento que se centran en los cambios en los hábitos alimentarios y el estilo de vida para la salud pública.

In the context of the concerning global prevalence of obesity and the critical need for multidisciplinary interventions to drive lifestyle changes among individuals with obesity, this study aims to investigate the effects of a comprehensive multidisciplinary program, including aquatic training, on biochemical parameters, body composition, and physical fitness in severely obese adults. Over a period of 24 weeks, a team of diverse professionals in Physical Education, Nutrition, Psychology, and Medicine collaborated on this research. The study enrolled sixteen participants with severe obesity (BMI > 40 kg/m2). The interventions encompassed aquatic aerobic exercises, accompanied by nutritional and psychological guidance. Significant improvements were observed in the C-Reactive Protein index (mg/L) (p=0.0439), with a notable reduction in body fat percentage (%) after the 24-week treatment program (p=0.0136). Additionally, manual pressure force (kg) displayed a statistically significant increase at 16 weeks (p=0.0006) and 24 weeks (p=0.0014). These compelling findings underscore the remarkable progress in biochemical parameters, body composition, and physical fitness among severely obese adults, underscoring the critical importance of treatment programs targeting dietary and lifestyle changes for public health improvement. By adopting a multidisciplinary approach, this study emphasizes the effectiveness of comprehensive interventions in addressing the complex challenges posed by severe obesity. In summary, this research reinforces the significance of implementing multidisciplinary programs to foster lifestyle modifications and provides valuable insights into tackling severe obesity in adult populations. By highlighting the pivotal role of holistic interventions, this study contributes to the ongoing global efforts to combat the escalating obesity epidemic.

Exploring New Tools for Risk Classification among Adults with Several Degrees of Obesity.

The epidemic of obesity worldwide has been recognized as a very important challenge. Within its complexity, the identification of higher-risk patients is essential, as it is unsustainable to offer access to treatment to all people with obesity. Several new approaches have recently been presented as important tools for risk stratification. In this research, we applied several of these tools in a cross-sectional study involving adults with obesity classes I, II, III, and super-obesity. The participants had their cardiometabolic risk profiles assessed. The study included adults with obesity aged 18 to 50 years (n = 404), who were evaluated using anthropometric, body composition, hemodynamic, physical fitness, and biochemical assessments. These variables were used to identify the prevalence of risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases according to the classes of obesity by gender and age group. The results showed high prevalence of risk factors, especially among the upper classes of obesity (BMI > 35 kg/m2) using single parameters as the waist circumference, with almost 90% above the cut-off point. For smaller numbers such as Glycated Hemoglobin, however, the prevalence was around 30%. Indexes such as the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) had the highest prevalence, with 100% of the male participants identified as being at increased risk for cardiovascular disease.

Which anthropometric equation to predict body fat percentage is more strongly associated with maximum oxygen uptake in adolescents? A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Identifying the relationship between maximum consumption of oxygen and body fat percentage is important due to increased cardiovascular risk factors. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to verify the association between body fat percentage determined by three predictive equations using anthropometric measures (Lohman, Boileau, and Slaughter) and maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max). We also aimed to estimate the capacity of these equations for explaining VO2max variations in adolescents according to sex. DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in high schools in São José, Southern Brazil. METHODS: This study included 879 adolescents (14-19 years) from Southern Brazil. Aerobic fitness was assessed using the modified Canadian Aerobic Fitness Test. The independent variable was body fat percentage predicted by the Lohman, Boileau, and Slaughter equations. Analyses adjusted for sociodemographic variables, physical activity level, and sexual maturation were performed with P value < 0.05. RESULTS: All anthropometric prediction equations used to estimate body fat percentage explained VO2max variations in adolescents. In male adolescents, both regression models based on the Boileau et al.12 and Lohman10 equations revealed higher explanatory power for VO2max (20%) compared with that based on the Slaughter et al.13 equation (19%). In female adolescents, the model based on the anthropometric equation of Slaughter et al.13 showed the greatest explanatory power for VO2max (18%). CONCLUSION: The inverse relationship between VO2max and body fat intensifies the need for effective intervention programs that prioritize maintenance of appropriate body fat and aerobic fitness levels because inadequate levels of both factors result in negative health consequences.

Which anthropometric equation to predict body fat percentage is more strongly associated with maximum oxygen uptake in adolescents? A cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Identifying the relationship between maximum consumption of oxygen and body fat percentage is important due to increased cardiovascular risk factors. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to verify the association between body fat percentage determined by three predictive equations using anthropometric measures (Lohman, Boileau, and Slaughter) and maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max). We also aimed to estimate the capacity of these equations for explaining VO2max variations in adolescents according to sex. DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in high schools in São José, Southern Brazil. METHODS: This study included 879 adolescents (14-19 years) from Southern Brazil. Aerobic fitness was assessed using the modified Canadian Aerobic Fitness Test. The independent variable was body fat percentage predicted by the Lohman, Boileau, and Slaughter equations. Analyses adjusted for sociodemographic variables, physical activity level, and sexual maturation were performed with P value < 0.05. RESULTS: All anthropometric prediction equations used to estimate body fat percentage explained VO2max variations in adolescents. In male adolescents, both regression models based on the Boileau et al.12 and Lohman10 equations revealed higher explanatory power for VO2max (20%) compared with that based on the Slaughter et al.13 equation (19%). In female adolescents, the model based on the anthropometric equation of Slaughter et al.13 showed the greatest explanatory power for VO2max (18%). CONCLUSION: The inverse relationship between VO2max and body fat intensifies the need for effective intervention programs that prioritize maintenance of appropriate body fat and aerobic fitness levels because inadequate levels of both factors result in negative health consequences.

Effects of Supervised Physical Exercise as Prehabilitation on Body Composition, Functional Capacity and Quality of Life in Bariatric Surgery Candidates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Prehabilitation is a strategy used aiming to reduce the risk factors and complications of surgery procedures, but there is no consensus on the effectiveness of supervised physical exercise and its optimal prescription during this phase. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of exercise prehabilitation on body composition, functional capacity and quality of life in candidates for bariatric surgery. SEARCH METHODS: A search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, SciELO, Scopus, MEDLINE and CINAHL. SELECTION CRITERIA: Only randomized clinical trials that examined the effectiveness of supervised physical exercise were included. The main outcomes were body composition, functional capacity, quality of life and surgical outcomes. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two researchers independently selected the literature, extracted the data and evaluated the risk of bias. A third researcher was consulted when a consensus was not reached. The risk of bias was assessed by the tool recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration, the quality of the evidence by GRADE, and to analyze the effects of prehabilitation on the primary objectives, RevMan software, version 5.3 was used. MAIN RESULTS: The search resulted in 4550 articles, of which 22 met the eligibility criteria, leaving 5 articles selected for this review. One article was assessed as a high bias risk and four as an uncertain risk, which included 139 candidates for bariatric surgery. Most of the studies evaluated the body composition, functional capacity and quality of life; none reported surgical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Supervised physical exercise has positive effects on the body composition, functional capacity and quality of life; there was no evidence for surgical outcomes, which opens up a field of study for future research of this population.

Results from Brazil's 2022 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Adolescents.

This research aims to summarize the process and results of the 2022 Report Card on Physical Activity for Brazilian children and adolescents. A group of experts led by 10 PhD researchers gathered the best possible evidence on physical activity indicators. The Report Card Brazil 2022 included the top 10 indicators of physical activity and sleep, obesity, and poor mental health variables, which made up four dimensions: (I) Daily Behaviors; (II) Settings and Sources of Influence; (III) Government Strategies and Investments; and (IV) Health Outcomes. Comprehensive searches, including peer-reviewed and gray literature searches, were performed for each indicator. Data were considered from systematic reviews, local and national surveys, websites, and official information from the Brazilian Federal Government. Grades from the indicators ranged from F (Active Play) to B (School). In addition, the results found for each indicator were Overall Physical Activity (D), Organized Sport Participation (C-), Active Transportation (C), Sedentary Behaviors (D), Sleep (C), Family and Peers (C-), Community and Environment (C), Government (D+), Physical Fitness (D+), Obesity (11.7%), and Poor Mental Health (37.8%). Successfully strategies for increasing physical activity among Brazilian children and adolescents should look at the different indicators presented in this report.

Multiprofessional intervention and telenursing in the treatment of obese people in the COVID-19 pandemic: a pragmatic clinical trial.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the effects of a multiprofessional remote intervention and telenursing in the treatment of obesity. METHODS: pragmatic clinical trial of intervention, conducted with obese adults. The multiprofessional remote intervention with a nurse occurred for 16 weeks through a messaging application. The application analyzed body composition, hemodynamic and laboratory variables, comparing the results obtained with the group that participated in face-to-face multiprofessional intervention without a nurse. The study investigated the effects of the intervention comparing the intervention groups and the moments through the ANOVA test for repeated measures. RESULTS: Group 1 obtained significance in the variables: percentage of body fat (p = 0.008); blood glucose (p = 0.014); insulin (p = 0.001); abdominal and waist circumference; and HDL cholesterol (p = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: the effects of multiprofessional remote intervention and telenursing significantly decreased the risk variables for metabolic syndrome in the treatment of obesity.

Multiprofessional intervention and telenursing in the treatment of obese people in the COVID-19 pandemic: a pragmatic clinical trial / Intervención multiprofesional y teleenfermería en el tratamiento de obesos en la pandemia de Covid-19: ensayo clínico pragmático / Intervenção multiprofissional e telenfermagem no tratamento de obesos na pandemia de COVID-19: ensaio clínico pragmático

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the effects of a multiprofessional remote intervention and telenursing in the treatment of obesity. Methods: pragmatic clinical trial of intervention, conducted with obese adults. The multiprofessional remote intervention with a nurse occurred for 16 weeks through a messaging application. The application analyzed body composition, hemodynamic and laboratory variables, comparing the results obtained with the group that participated in face-to-face multiprofessional intervention without a nurse. The study investigated the effects of the intervention comparing the intervention groups and the moments through the ANOVA test for repeated measures. Results: Group 1 obtained significance in the variables: percentage of body fat (p = 0.008); blood glucose (p = 0.014); insulin (p = 0.001); abdominal and waist circumference; and HDL cholesterol (p = 0.000). Conclusions: the effects of multiprofessional remote intervention and telenursing significantly decreased the risk variables for metabolic syndrome in the treatment of obesity.

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar efectos de una intervención remota multiprofesional y teleenfermería en el tratamiento de la obesidad. Métodos: ensayo clínico pragmático de intervención, realizado con adultos obesos. La intervención remota multiprofesional con enfermero ocurrió durante 16 semanas mediante un aplicativo de mensajes. Analizadas variables de composición corporal, hemodinámicas y laboratoriales, realizando comparación de resultados obtenidos con el grupo que participó de intervención multiprofesional presencial sin enfermero. Análisis de efectos de la intervención fue hecha comparando los grupos de intervención y los momentos por medio del test ANOVA para medidas repetidas. Resultados: el Grupo 1 obtuvo significación en las variables: porcentaje de gordura corporal (p = 0,008); glucemia (p = 0,014); insulina (p = 0,001); circunferencia abdominal y de cintura; y colesterol HDL (p = 0,000). Conclusiones: los efectos de la intervención remota multiprofesional y teleenfermería disminuyeron significativamente las variables de riesgo para la síndrome metabólica en el tratamiento de la obesidad.

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar os efeitos de uma intervenção remota multiprofissional e da telenfermagem no tratamento da obesidade. Métodos: ensaio clínico pragmático de intervenção, realizado com adultos obesos. A intervenção remota multiprofissional com enfermeiro ocorreu durante 16 semanas mediante um aplicativo de mensagens. Analisaram-se variáveis de composição corporal, hemodinâmicas e laboratoriais, realizando a comparação dos resultados obtidos com o grupo que participou de intervenção multiprofissional presencial sem enfermeiro. A análise dos efeitos da intervenção foi feita comparando os grupos de intervenção e os momentos por meio do teste ANOVA para medidas repetidas. Resultados: o Grupo 1 obteve significância nas variáveis: porcentagem de gordura corporal (p = 0,008); glicemia (p = 0,014); insulina (p = 0,001); circunferência abdominal e de cintura; e colesterol HDL (p = 0,000). Conclusões: os efeitos da intervenção remota multiprofissional e da telenfermagem diminuíram significativamente as variáveis de risco para a síndrome metabólica no tratamento da obesidade.

Risco cardiometabólico em pacientes sobrepesados e obesos: um estudo comparativo entre os sexos / Cardiometabolic risk in overweight and obese patients: a comparative study between the sexes / Riesgo cardiometabólico en pacientes con sobrepeso y obesidad: un estudio comparativo entre sexos

Objetivos: Analisar a diferença do risco cardiometabólico entre homens e mulheres com excesso de peso corporal. Método: Estudo descritivo transversal realizado com adultos, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 18 e 50 anos, com excesso de peso e com circunferência da cintura alterada, de acordo com os critérios da Organização Mundial da Saúde (2015). Resultados: A idade média entre as mulheres foi de 37,82 anos e entre os homens, de 31,56 anos. Em relação ao peso, a média entre as mulheres foi menor que dos homens. Em relação à medida de circunferência de quadril, a média das mulheres foi de 123,16 cm e dos homens de 114,94 cm. Os resultados médios dos exames laboratoriais foram maiores entre os homens com 212,77, enquanto o "colesterol bom" (HDL) entre as mulheres foi de 50,58. Conclusão: O risco cardiometabólico apresentado pelo sexo feminino. (AU)

Objective: To analyze the difference in cardiometabolic risk between men and women with excess body weight. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study carried out with adults, of both sexes, aged between 18 and 50 years, with excess weight and with altered waist circumference, according to the criteria of the World Health Organization. Results: The average age among women was 37,82 years and among men, 31,56 years. Regarding weight, the average among women was lower than that of men. Regarding the measure of hip circumference, the average for women was 123,16 cm and for men, 114,94 cm. Conclusion: The cardiometabolic risk presented by women was lower than the risk presented by men. The variables that showed the most evident significance between gender differences were: age, weight, height, hip circumference, triglycerides, cholesterol. (AU)

Objetivo: Analizar la diferencia de riesgo cardiometabólico entre hombres y mujeres con exceso de peso corporal. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado con adultos, de ambos sexos, de entre 18 y 50 años, con sobrepeso y con alteración de la circunferencia de la cintura, según los criterios de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Resultados: La edad media de las mujeres fue de 37,82 años y de los hombres de 31,56 años. En cuanto al peso, el promedio entre las mujeres fue menor que el de los hombres. En cuanto a la medida de la circunferencia de la cadera, la media para las mujeres fue de 123,16 cm y para los hombres, de 114,94 cm. Conclusión: El riesgo cardiometabólico presentado por las mujeres fue menor que el riesgo presentado por los hombres. Las variables que mostraron mayor significación entre las diferencias de género fueron: edad, peso, talla, perímetro de la cadera, triglicéridos, colesterol. (AU)

Perceptions of adults with obesity about multiprofessional remote monitoring at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the perception of adults with obesity about remote monitoring at the beginning of the pandemic of COVID-19. METHODS: A descriptive-exploratory, qualitative study with participants in remote monitoring of a multi-professional treatment program in southern Brazil. Data was collected through digital platforms with interviews in written or audio-recorded records. The results were submitted to content analysis, thematic modality. RESULTS: 26 women participated, emerging the thematic category "Difficulties and potentialities in adherence to lifestyle changes during the pandemic. Among the difficulties are the change of routine and increased anxiety; and, among the potentialities are the multi-professional accompaniment, decreased tension, and weight control. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The participants' perception showed considerable weaknesses in adhering to the program, caused by social distance. Studies with remote interventions are essential to improve the quality of this type of health care.

Prevalence of Active Play in Brazilian children and adolescents: an updated systematic review for the Brazil´s Report Card / Prevalência de Active Play em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros: uma atualização de revisão sistemática para o Report Card Brasil

abstract - This paper is an update of the systematic review on Active Play published in 2018 by Mendes et al. This systematic review included studies published between 2018 and 2019. The search for potential articles was performed on the following electronic databases: Pubmed/Medline, Web of Science, Bireme, Scielo and Scopus. Initially, 471 papers met the eligibility criteria. However, after deeply analyzed, only two studies remained and were included in the present review. From these articles only one presented individual information on play activity among adolescents age (12-17 years) from Curitiba-PR and it reveals that 77,2% of them were physically active in their free time. The other study included was about the preferences for leisure activities among adolescents from Florianopolis-SC participants in two cross sectional studies in 2001 and 2011. It showed a significant reduction in the preferences for practicing physical activities, while the opposite occurs with sedentary activities like watching TV, playing video games, and using computers. These results along with the inconsistencies in benchmarks of the domain active play among countries involved in the Global Matrix 3.0 made clear the necessity of a standard definition and a proper tool to measure it.

resumo - Este artigo é uma atualização da revisão sistemática sobre Active Play publicada em 2018 por Mendes et al. Esta revisão sistemática incluiu estudos publicados entre 2018 até 2019. A busca de potenciais artigos foi realizada nas seguintes bases de dados eletrônicas: Pubmed / Medline, Web of Science, Bireme, Scielo e Scopus. Inicialmente, 471 artigos atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade. Porém, após análise aprofundada, apenas dois estudos permaneceram e foram incluídos na presente revisão. Destes artigos, apenas um apresentou informações individuais sobre a atividade física entre adolescentes de 12 a 17 anos de idade de Curitiba-PR e revelou que 77,2% deles eram fisicamente ativos no tempo livre. O outro estudo foi sobre as preferências por atividades de lazer entre adolescentes de Florianópolis-SC avaliados nos anos de 2001 e 2011. Este apresentou redução significativa na preferência pela prática de atividades físicas, enquanto o contrário foi observado para atividades sedentárias, como assistir TV, jogar videogame e usar o computador. Esses resultados, juntamente com as inconsistências nos pontos de corte do domínio active play entre os países envolvidos na Matriz Global 3.0, deixaram claro a necessidade de uma definição padrão e de uma ferramenta adequada para medi-la.

Perceptions of adults with obesity about multiprofessional remote monitoring at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic / Percepciones de adultos con obesidad bajo telemonitorización multiprofesional en el inicio de la pandemia de COVID-19 / Percepções de adultos com obesidade sobre monitoramento remoto multiprofissional no início da pandemia de COVID-19

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the perception of adults with obesity about remote monitoring at the beginning of the pandemic of COVID-19. Methods: A descriptive-exploratory, qualitative study with participants in remote monitoring of a multi-professional treatment program in southern Brazil. Data was collected through digital platforms with interviews in written or audio-recorded records. The results were submitted to content analysis, thematic modality. Results: 26 women participated, emerging the thematic category "Difficulties and potentialities in adherence to lifestyle changes during the pandemic. Among the difficulties are the change of routine and increased anxiety; and, among the potentialities are the multi-professional accompaniment, decreased tension, and weight control. Final considerations: The participants' perception showed considerable weaknesses in adhering to the program, caused by social distance. Studies with remote interventions are essential to improve the quality of this type of health care.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprender la percepción de adultos con obesidad bajo telemonitorización en el inicio de la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo-exploratorio, cualitativo, con participantes en acompañamiento remoto de un programa de tratamiento multiprofesional de obesidad en el Sur brasileño. Datos recogidos por medio de plataformas digitales con entrevistas en registro escrito o audio grabado. Resultados sometidos al análisis de contenido, modalidad temática. Resultados: Participaron 26 mujeres, emergiendo la categoría temática "Dificultades y potencialidades en la adhesión a cambios en el estilo de vida durante la pandemia". Entre las dificultades, están el cambio de rutina y el aumento de ansiedad; y, entre las potencialidades, están el acompañamiento multiprofesional, disminución de tensión y control de peso. Consideraciones finales: Percepción de los participantes mostró fragilidades considerables en la adhesión al programa, causadas por el alejamiento social. Estudios con intervenciones remotas son importantes para mejorar la calidad de ese tipo de asistencia de salud.

RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender a percepção de adultos com obesidade sobre o monitoramento remoto no início da pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo descritivo-exploratório, qualitativo, com participantes em acompanhamento remoto de um programa de tratamento multiprofissional da obesidade no Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio de plataformas digitais com entrevistas em registro escrito ou audiogravado. Os resultados foram submetidos àanálise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados: Participaram 26 mulheres, emergindo a categoria temática "Dificuldades e potencialidades na adesão às mudanças no estilo de vida durante a pandemia". Dentre as dificuldades, estão a mudança da rotina e o aumento da ansiedade; e, dentre as potencialidades, estão o acompanhamento multiprofissional, diminuição da tensão e controle de peso. Considerações finais: A percepção dos participantes mostrou fragilidades consideráveis na adesão ao programa, causadas pelo distanciamento social. Estudos com intervenções remotas são importantes para melhorar a qualidade desse tipo de assistência à saúde.

Perceptions of adults with obesity about multiprofessional remote monitoring at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic / Percepciones de adultos con obesidad bajo telemonitorización multiprofesional en el inicio de la pandemia de COVID-19 / Percepções de adultos com obesidade sobre monitoramento remoto multiprofissional no início da pandemia de COVID-19

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the perception of adults with obesity about remote monitoring at the beginning of the pandemic of COVID-19. Methods: A descriptive-exploratory, qualitative study with participants in remote monitoring of a multi-professional treatment program in southern Brazil. Data was collected through digital platforms with interviews in written or audio-recorded records. The results were submitted to content analysis, thematic modality. Results: 26 women participated, emerging the thematic category "Difficulties and potentialities in adherence to lifestyle changes during the pandemic. Among the difficulties are the change of routine and increased anxiety; and, among the potentialities are the multi-professional accompaniment, decreased tension, and weight control. Final considerations: The participants' perception showed considerable weaknesses in adhering to the program, caused by social distance. Studies with remote interventions are essential to improve the quality of this type of health care.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprender la percepción de adultos con obesidad bajo telemonitorización en el inicio de la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo-exploratorio, cualitativo, con participantes en acompañamiento remoto de un programa de tratamiento multiprofesional de obesidad en el Sur brasileño. Datos recogidos por medio de plataformas digitales con entrevistas en registro escrito o audio grabado. Resultados sometidos al análisis de contenido, modalidad temática. Resultados: Participaron 26 mujeres, emergiendo la categoría temática "Dificultades y potencialidades en la adhesión a cambios en el estilo de vida durante la pandemia". Entre las dificultades, están el cambio de rutina y el aumento de ansiedad; y, entre las potencialidades, están el acompañamiento multiprofesional, disminución de tensión y control de peso. Consideraciones finales: Percepción de los participantes mostró fragilidades considerables en la adhesión al programa, causadas por el alejamiento social. Estudios con intervenciones remotas son importantes para mejorar la calidad de ese tipo de asistencia de salud.

RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender a percepção de adultos com obesidade sobre o monitoramento remoto no início da pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo descritivo-exploratório, qualitativo, com participantes em acompanhamento remoto de um programa de tratamento multiprofissional da obesidade no Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio de plataformas digitais com entrevistas em registro escrito ou audiogravado. Os resultados foram submetidos àanálise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados: Participaram 26 mulheres, emergindo a categoria temática "Dificuldades e potencialidades na adesão às mudanças no estilo de vida durante a pandemia". Dentre as dificuldades, estão a mudança da rotina e o aumento da ansiedade; e, dentre as potencialidades, estão o acompanhamento multiprofissional, diminuição da tensão e controle de peso. Considerações finais: A percepção dos participantes mostrou fragilidades consideráveis na adesão ao programa, causadas pelo distanciamento social. Estudos com intervenções remotas são importantes para melhorar a qualidade desse tipo de assistência à saúde.

Stage to Change Eating behavior and physical activity among adolescents with an excess body mass: impact on metabolic profile / Prontidão para a mudança do comportamento alimentar e atividade física entre adolescentes com excesso de peso: impacto no perfil metabólico

INTRODUCTION: Obesity in children and adolescents is usuallyrelated to metabolic alterations, and intervention programs are one of the strategies for the treatment of obesity and associated comorbidities. At the beginning of the intervention, the stages of readiness to change behavior indicate specific habits that the teenager plans to modify or not, and how long he or she intends to make the alterationsOBJECTIVE: To assess the metabolic profile and their association with the stages of readiness to change eating habits and exercise behaviors in adolescents with overweightMETHODS: Eighty-three adolescents with excess body weight underwent an assessment of anthropometric variables and metabolic profile (glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, non-HDL-c, VLDL, triglycerides, insulin). Besides, the stages of readiness to change behaviors for "size and amount of portions," "amount of fat in the diet," fruits and vegetable consumption," and "physical activity practice," anthropometric variables and metabolic profile were compared according to the stages of changeRESULTS: About "fruits and vegetable consumption," adolescents in the Maintenance group presented lower body weight than those from Action and Preparation groups. The Action group presented higher body weight than group "Contemplation" and it showed higher non-HDL-cholesterol than the groups "Pre-contemplation" and "Preparation." In "physical activity practice," the Maintenance group presented lower body weight, Body Mass Index, and body fat (in kg) than Action, Preparation, and Contemplation groups. The alterations in HDL-cholesterol reduced as the stages of change progressed in the "physical activity practice" domainCONCLUSION: The stages of readiness to change behaviors impact anthropometric and metabolic variables in adolescents with excess body weight, and it is a recommended instrument to monitor intervention programs

INTRODUÇÃO: A obesidade em crianças e adolescentes geralmente está relacionada com alterações metabólicas, sendo os programas de intervenção uma das estratégias para o tratamento da obesidade e das comorbidades associadas. Ao iniciar a intervenção, os estágios de prontidão para mudança do comportamento indicam hábitos específicos que o adolescente planeja ou não mudar e em quanto tempo ele pretende realizar a mudançaOBJETIVO: Avaliar o perfil metabólico e sua associação com os estágios de prontidão para mudança do comportamento alimentar e atividade física em adolescentes com excesso de pesoMÉTODO: Foram avaliados 83 adolescentes com excesso de peso. Os adolescentes foram avaliados em relação à variáveis antropométricas e perfil metabólico (glicemia, colesterol total, colesterol LDL, HDL, não-HDL, VLDL, triglicerídeos, insulina). Além disso, foram avaliados os estágios de prontidão para mudança do comportamento para os domínios "tamanho e quantidade das porções", "quantidade de gordura na dieta", "consumo de frutas e vegetais" e "prática de atividade física". Foi feita comparação das variáveis antropométricas e perfil metabólico de acordo com os estágios de prontidãoRESULTADOS: Em relação ao domínio "Consumo de Frutas e Vegetais", os adolescentes do grupo Manutenção apresentaram peso menor que os do grupo Ação e Preparação. O grupo Ação apresentou peso maior que o Contemplação, e o grupo Contemplação apresentou colesterol não-HDL maior que os grupos Pré-contemplação e Preparação. No domínio "Prática de Atividade Física", o grupo Manutenção apresentou peso, IMC e gordura corporal (em kg) menores que os grupos Ação, Preparação e Contemplação. A prevalência de alteração do colesterol HDL foi progressivamente menor conforme progrediram os estágios de prontidão para mudança do comportamento para o domínio "prática de atividade física"CONCLUSÃO: Os estágios de prontidão para mudança do comportamento têm impacto sobre variáveis antropométricas e perfil metabólico de adolescentes com excesso de peso, sendo um instrumento recomendado para o monitoramento de programas de intervenção

Triglyceride/glucose index is a reliable alternative marker for insulin resistance in South American overweight and obese children and adolescents.

Background The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between the triglyceride/glucose index (TyG index) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Additionally, we compared the ability of the TyG index and triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-c) index and the combination of these two indices (TyG index plus TG/HDL-c) to predict insulin resistance (IR) in South American overweight and obese children and adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in 345 overweight adolescents aged 10-18 years, from both the sexes. The TyG index was calculated as Ln (fasting triglycerides [mg/dL] × fasting glucose [mg/dL])/2, while the TG/HDL-c index was calculated by the division of TG (mg/dL) by HDL-c (mg/dL). HOMA-IR was calculated with the formula: fasting insulin (FI) (U/mL) × fasting glucose (mmol/L)/22.5. The cut-off point used to determine the presence of IR was HOMA-IR ≥ 3.16. Results The TyG index showed a positive correlation with HOMA-IR. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the TyG index was 0.74, indicating good sensitivity (75.7%) and specificity (67.4%). Furthermore, the TyG index cut-off point of >4.44 was established for IR prediction in this population. Conclusions The TyG index is a simple and cost-effective surrogate marker of IR in South American overweight children and adolescents. Moreover, due to its good accessibility, it can be used in large epidemiological studies.

Multidisciplinary obesity treatment program improved health-related quality of life and positively correlated with anthropometric and body composition but not with cardiorespiratory fitness parameters in adolescents.

PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to verify the effects of a 16-week multidisciplinary obesity treatment program (MOTP) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adolescents with weight excess. In addition, we verified a possible association between changes on HRQoL and anthropometric, body composition, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) parameters. METHODS: Two hundred four adolescents aged from 15 to 18 years were distributed in control group (CG) and intervention group (IG). They underwent a 16-week MOTP composed by nutritional, psychological, and health-related physical activity group sessions. Moreover, they performed physical exercise sessions three times per week during the whole 16-week program. Data on HRQoL, body composition, CRF and anthropometry were collected using standard protocols and validated questionnaires. RESULTS: The MOTP promoted significant enhancements in all HRQoL domains, except for the school domain in IG. Furthermore, positive correlations between HRQoL and body weight (BW), body fat (BF), waist circumference (WC), and body mass index (BMI) z-score were verified. Higher scores of HRQoL might be achieved by improving these variables. CONCLUSIONS: The 16-week MOTP was effective to improve HRQoL in adolescents with weight excess. This improvement has a positive correlation with enhancements in BW, BMI z-score, WC, and BF. Nevertheless, these findings have not reached a consensus on literature and still need to be further enlightened.

The prevalence of Active Play in Brazilian children and adolescents: a systematic review / Prevalência de Active Play em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract A systematic review of the prevalence of Active Play in Brazilian children and adolescents was performed. Only fully available scientific papers that measured Active Play or leisure time physical activity independently from other types of physical activity in Brazilian children and/or adolescents were considered for inclusion. The search for potential articles was performed on the following electronic databases: Pubmed/Medline, Web of Science, Bireme, Scielo and Scopus. Initially, 63 papers met the eligibility criteria. However, after deeply analyzed, seven studies remained and were included in the present review. The overall prevalence of Active Play was 36%, in which varied from 27.2% to 79.3%. Boys presented a prevalence of 47%, ranging from 39,1% to 79.9%, while the prevalence in girls reached 26%, varying from 13.9% to 78.7%. Although the prevalence of Active Play in Brazil in not satisfactory, the potential to present a reliable data regarding this theme should be highlighted. In agreement with some other studies, boys presented a higher prevalence of physical activity than girls. Also, any socioeconomic pattern regarding the prevalence of Active Play in children and adolescents was observed when the results from this study were compared to other studies developed in other countries from several socioeconomic status. The Active Play should be further investigated individually, as a pivotal component of physical activity, as well as its impact on physical inactivity-related comorbidities.

Resumo Foi realizada Revisão sistemática acerca da prevalência de brincadeiras ativas em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros. Apenas trabalhos científicos totalmente disponíveis que mediram a atividade física praticada como brincadeira ou lazer em crianças e/ou adolescentes brasileiros foram considerados para inclusão. A busca por artigos foi realizada nas seguintes bases de dados eletrônicas: PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Bireme, Scielo e Scopus. Inicialmente, 63 artigos preencheram os critérios de elegibilidade, e após análise minuciosa, sete estudos foram incluídos na presente revisão. A prevalência geral de brincadeiras ativas foi de 36%, variando de 27,2% a 79,3%. Os meninos apresentaram prevalência de 47%, variando de 39,1% a 79,9%, enquanto a prevalência nas meninas chegou a 26%, variando de 13,9% a78,7%. Embora no Brasil essa prevalência não seja satisfatória, destaca-se o potencial de apresentar dados relevantes sobre esta temática. Corroborando com outros estudos, os meninos apresentaram maior prevalência de atividade física como brincadeira ou lazer que as meninas. Além disso, não foi encontrado um padrão socioeconômico em relação à prevalência de brincadeiras ativas em crianças e adolescentes quando os resultados deste estudo foram comparados com outros estudos desenvolvidos em outros países de diferentes condições socioeconômicas. Portanto, brincadeiras ativas devem ser investigadas individualmente, como um componente essencial da atividade física, bem como seu impacto nas comorbidades relacionadas à inatividade física.

Prevalence of weight excess in Brazilian children and adolescents: a systematic review / Prevalência de excesso de peso em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract The prevalence of obesity is rapidly increasing worldwide, no mattering age groups and socioeconomic status. In Brazil, it is still unclear the prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents, since most Brazilian studies have only verified regional prevalence of obesity. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyze the scientific production regarding the prevalence of weight excess in Brazilian children and adolescents. A search in the relevant electronic databases Medline/Pubmed, Web of Science, Lilacs, Scielo and BVS was performed. After analyzing 61 studies, the overall prevalence was 25.5%. When sample was stratified weight excess degree, a prevalence of 17% and 11.6% for overweight and obesity were observed, respectively. Analyzing differences by sex, boys presented higher prevalence of overall weight excess (e.g., 26.4% vs 23.5%), overweight (17% vs 16%) and obesity (11.9% vs 9.1%) than girls. With respect to Brazilian regions and its differences, individuals from southern presented the highest prevalence of overall weight excess (33.2%) and overweight (20.1%). The southeastern region showed the highest prevalence of obesity (18.2%). The results obtained in the current study indicate that Brazil presents a scenario of crescent increasing on the prevalence of weight excess. These results are in accordance with studies from other countries, and reinforce the increase of the overall weight excess prevalence in Brazilian children and adolescents, highlighting the increasing of obesity rates, since it is a more concerning condition than overweight. Therefore, preventive measures to reduce weight excess increase, as well as treatment programs aiming to tackle obesity in childhood should be public health system top priority.

Resumo A prevalência da obesidade tem aumentado em todo o mundo em todas as faixas etárias e níveis socioeconômicos. No Brasil, ainda é incerto a prevalência de obesidade em crianças e adolescentes devido a maioria dos estudos serem de características regionais.Portanto,o propósito do presente estudo foi analisar a produção científica referente à prevalência de excesso de peso em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros. Realizou-se uma busca nas bases de dados MEDLINE/PubMed, WEB of Science, LILACS, Scielo e BVS.Foram analisados 61 estudos, sendo identificado 17% de sobrepeso e 11,6% de obesidade.As prevalências de excesso de peso (26,4% vs 23,5%), sobrepeso (17% vs 16%) e obesidade (11,9% vs 9,1%) foram maiores entre os meninos comparados as meninas, respectivamente. As crianças e os adolescentes da Região Sul apresentaram maior prevalência de excesso de peso (33,2%) e sobrepeso (20,1%), e as do Sudeste maior prevalência de obesidade (18,2%). Nossa análise indicou que o Brasil apresenta um quadro de prevalência crescente de excesso de peso, similar ao de outros países.Os resultados reforçam o aumento da prevalência de excesso de peso em crianças e adolescentes no Brasil, especialmente pelo aumento da obesidade, que é considerada uma condição mais grave que o sobrepeso. Portanto, medidas preventivas para diminuir esta tendência de aumento do excesso de peso, bem como programas de tratamento da obesidade na infância e adolescência deve ser prioridade do Sistema único de Saúde (SUS).

Building a response criterion for pediatric multidisciplinary obesity intervention success based on combined benefits.

To propose a response criterion for analyzing the intervention success by verifying patient outcomes after a multidisciplinary obesity treatment program in Brazilian children and adolescents. Obese children and adolescents (n = 103) completed a 16-week multidisciplinary intervention (IG) and were compared to the control group (CG) (n = 66). A cluster of parameters (e.g. total domain of HRQoL; BMI z-score; cardiorespiratory fitness; body mass; waist circumference; fat mass; lean mass) were measured pre and post-intervention, and the sum of the median percentage variation and the percentile 25 and 75 were used from IG and CG to determine the responsiveness to the program. We are proposing four ranges in which children and adolescents may be classified after the intervention: (1) CG percentile 50 values or lower are considered non-responsive to the intervention, (2) values greater than CG percentile 50 but lower than IG percentile 50 are considered slightly responsive, (3) values greater than IG percentile 50 but lower than IG percentile 75 were considered as moderately responsive, and (4) values greater than IG percentile 75 were considered very responsive. CONCLUSIONS: This criterion may serve as a complementary tool that can be employed to monitor the response to this model of multidisciplinary intervention. What is Known: • The effectiveness of multidisciplinary obesity interventions is usually determined by comparing changes in selected outcomes in the intervention versus versus control group. • There is no consensus about what should be assessed before and after the intervention program, which makes difficult to compare different programs and to determine their rate of responsiveness. What is New: • This study proposes a response criteria to pediatric obesity interventions following a similar model compared to ours based on key variables that presents low cost and high applicability in different settings.